![]() ![]() Proteins carry out most of the active functions of a cell.This process continues until a protein is formed.Once the tRNA is bound, it releases its amino acid and the adjacent amino acids all join together into a long chain called a polypeptide.When the mRNA sequence is read, each tRNA molecule delivers its amino acid to the ribosome and binds temporarily to the corresponding codon on the mRNA molecule.This process of converting DNA information into RNA information is. Each amino acid is attached specifically to its own tRNA molecule. The RNA strand is now called messenger RNA, or mRNA, and leaves the nucleus of the cell.For example, the codons ‘GGU’ and ‘GGC’ both code for glycine. As there are only 20 amino acids but 64 potential combinations of codon, more than one codon can code for the same amino acid.For example, the three bases ‘GGU’ code for an amino acid called glycine. Each codon specifies a particular amino acid.The mRNA is read three letters (a codon) at a time.The message carried by the mRNA is read by a carrier molecule called transfer RNA (tRNA).Translation occurs after the messenger RNA (mRNA) has carried the transcribed ‘message’ from the DNA to protein-making factories in the cell, called ribosomes.Image credit: Genome Research Limited Translation An illustration showing the process of transcription. ![]()
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